四六级重点词汇正误讲解（01）

abandon

◎他决定放弃这个计划。

误：He decided to abandon up the plan.

正：He decided to abandon the plan.

析：动词 abandon(放弃，抛弃，遗弃)通常不与副词 up 连用。比较：give up the plan(放弃计划)。

◎他早年弃文学医。

误：In his early days he abandoned medicine to literature.

正：In his early days he abandoned medicine for literature.

析：abandon sth for sth 指的是主动地为某物而放弃另一物，abandon sth (sb) to sth 则通常指被动地放弃某物而将其被另一物取得。比较：abandon a city to invaders(丢下城市任入侵者占领)；再比较：abandon oneself to despair(自暴自弃)。

ability

◎他失去了用手的能力。

误：He lost the ability that he could use his hands.

正：He lost the ability to use his hands.

析：表示做某事的能力，ability(能力)后通常接不定式, 而不能接 that 从句。按传统语法，其后也不能接of doing sth，不过该用法在现代英语中已渐被接受，但尽管如此，考生在应试时还是避免为宜。

absence

◎他没有出席会议使我们感到很惊讶。

误：His absence for the meeting surprised us.

正：His absence from the meeting surprised us.

析：表示缺席或没到场等，后接介词 from。

◎那是你不在时发生的。

误：It happened on your absence.

正：It happened in [during] your absence.

析：表示某人不在时(期间)，其前通常用介词 in 或during。

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